cloning hard disk
in [Debian]
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From: Pigeon on 14 Feb 2005 14:00 On Sun, Feb 13, 2005 at 09:12:35PM -0700, Allasso Travesser wrote: > Hello, > > I would like to clone my Debian Woody system onto a second larger hard disk. > It seems to me that it would just be a matter of cleaning off the second > disk, partioning using fdisk, and then running: > > dd if=/dev/hdc of=/dev/hda > > where hdc is the drive from which I am copying my current system, and hda is > the drive I want to put this system on. That only works properly if hdc and hda are identical in size and geometry. Similarly with partitions: dd if=/dev/hdc2 of=/dev/hda2 is only sensible if the partitions are identical in size. I'd be doing something like this: (boot off hdc) # cfdisk /dev/hda (set up partitions) # mke2fs /dev/hda2 # mount /dev/hda2 /mnt # cd / # for x in `ls -1 / | grep -v mnt`; do cp -a /$x /mnt; done Other people have their own favourite recipes involving tar and/or cpio which will be in the list archives somewhere. BTW your partitioning scheme could do with a little modification - it's customary to make the swap partition the first partition on the disk, not the last, as access to the outer part of a disk is faster. -- Pigeon Be kind to pigeons Get my GPG key here: http://pgp.mit.edu:11371/pks/lookup?op=get&search=0x21C61F7F
From: Allasso Travesser on 18 Feb 2005 15:30 On Monday 14 February 2005 11:54 am, you wrote: > On Sun, Feb 13, 2005 at 09:12:35PM -0700, Allasso Travesser wrote: > > Hello, > > > > I would like to clone my Debian Woody system onto a second larger hard > > disk. It seems to me that it would just be a matter of cleaning off the > > second disk, partioning using fdisk, and then running: > > > > dd if=/dev/hdc of=/dev/hda > > > > where hdc is the drive from which I am copying my current system, and hda > > is the drive I want to put this system on. > > That only works properly if hdc and hda are identical in size and > geometry. Similarly with partitions: dd if=/dev/hdc2 of=/dev/hda2 is > only sensible if the partitions are identical in size. I'd be doing > something like this: > > (boot off hdc) > # cfdisk /dev/hda > (set up partitions) > # mke2fs /dev/hda2 > # mount /dev/hda2 /mnt > # cd / > # for x in `ls -1 / | grep -v mnt`; do cp -a /$x /mnt; done > > Other people have their own favourite recipes involving tar and/or > cpio which will be in the list archives somewhere. > > BTW your partitioning scheme could do with a little modification - > it's customary to make the swap partition the first partition on the > disk, not the last, as access to the outer part of a disk is faster. My understanding has been that the first partition has to be the boot partition. Am I understanding you correctly, that you are saying that hdx1 would be the swap partition? -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-REQUEST(a)lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmaster(a)lists.debian.org
From: Allasso Travesser on 18 Feb 2005 15:30 On Monday 14 February 2005 11:54 am, you wrote: > On Sun, Feb 13, 2005 at 09:12:35PM -0700, Allasso Travesser wrote: > > Hello, > > > > I would like to clone my Debian Woody system onto a second larger hard > > disk. It seems to me that it would just be a matter of cleaning off the > > second disk, partioning using fdisk, and then running: > > > > dd if=/dev/hdc of=/dev/hda > > > > where hdc is the drive from which I am copying my current system, and hda > > is the drive I want to put this system on. > > That only works properly if hdc and hda are identical in size and > geometry. Similarly with partitions: dd if=/dev/hdc2 of=/dev/hda2 is > only sensible if the partitions are identical in size. I'd be doing > something like this: > > (boot off hdc) > # cfdisk /dev/hda > (set up partitions) > # mke2fs /dev/hda2 > # mount /dev/hda2 /mnt > # cd / > # for x in `ls -1 / | grep -v mnt`; do cp -a /$x /mnt; done > > Other people have their own favourite recipes involving tar and/or > cpio which will be in the list archives somewhere. > > BTW your partitioning scheme could do with a little modification - > it's customary to make the swap partition the first partition on the > disk, not the last, as access to the outer part of a disk is faster. My understanding has been that the first partition has to be the boot partition. Am I understanding you correctly, that you are saying that hdx1 would be the swap partition? -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-REQUEST(a)lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmaster(a)lists.debian.org
From: Alvin Oga on 18 Feb 2005 16:30 On Thu, 17 Feb 2005, Allasso Travesser wrote: > > > dd if=/dev/hdc of=/dev/hda bad idea ... - assumes target hda is the same size disk as hdc - assumes same number of heads/platters - assumes no defects on either disks - other asssumptions not as critical tar/cpio/cp, etc avoids all of the above media issues > > BTW your partitioning scheme could do with a little modification - > > it's customary to make the swap partition the first partition on the > > disk, not the last, as access to the outer part of a disk is faster. partition preferences is like politics and religion .. - there is no right answer and worst still "first partition" being swap is an extreme bad idea because, "track 0" is the largest track and holds the most amt of data per disk rotation for those old systems, that doesn't know how to handle disks over 512MB or 138GB ... /boot is required in the first partition which is a violation of "swap being first partition" on and on goes the reasons why partition schemes are the way it is ... read all the contradictory partition schemes and why ... http://Linux-1U.net/Partitions > My understanding has been that the first partition has to be the boot > partition. Am I understanding you correctly, that you are saying that > hdx1 would be the swap partition? /boot as a partition is NOT required on newer bios that knows about large disks ( over 138GB ) ( whatever that magic numer was ) /boot directory is NOT needed if you boot offf of floppy or some other boot media ( cdrom, cf, network, ... ) c ya alvin -- To UNSUBSCRIBE, email to debian-user-REQUEST(a)lists.debian.org with a subject of "unsubscribe". Trouble? Contact listmaster(a)lists.debian.org
From: Pigeon on 18 Feb 2005 18:30 On Thu, Feb 17, 2005 at 02:50:54PM -0700, Allasso Travesser wrote: > On Monday 14 February 2005 11:54 am, you wrote: > > BTW your partitioning scheme could do with a little modification - > > it's customary to make the swap partition the first partition on the > > disk, not the last, as access to the outer part of a disk is faster. > > My understanding has been that the first partition has to be the boot > partition. Am I understanding you correctly, that you are saying that > hdx1 would be the swap partition? Yes, I've got several machines where [hs]dx1 is swap. Most of them don't have a separate /boot, but / is on [hs]dx2. I also have a machine with /boot on hda3. The "boot partition has to be first" thing is pretty well irrelevant these days. It used to be the case that a lot of BIOSes wouldn't recognise any of a hard disk beyond cylinder 1024, so you made /boot the first partition to keep it all below cylinder 1024. Any BIOS dating from later than the days when half a gig was a big, big drive won't have this problem. The other place it crops up is with systems that dual-boot Linux and Windoze. While it is possible to make Windoze run off other than the first partition if you hit it with a big enough hammer, it tends to be flaky and strange things happen. So with a dual-boot system you make the Windoze boot partition the first one. Having said that, /boot only needs to be say 50 MB, so if you do want to put it first it's so small it won't make a noticeable difference to swap speed. -- Pigeon Be kind to pigeons Get my GPG key here: http://pgp.mit.edu:11371/pks/lookup?op=3Dget&search=0x21C61F7F
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